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The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine
This thesis gives a literature survey of the physical and chemical properties of dipicrylamine (2,4,6,2',4',6' hexanitrodiphenylamine), its synthesis and analysis, and its use in a process for the recovery of potassium from seawater and brines. Where data is not available in the literature it is obt...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Department of Chemical Engineering
2016
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| _version_ | 1867613146267516928 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Venn, John Garrett |
| author2 | Paddon, Brian D A |
| author_browse | Paddon, Brian D A Venn, John Garrett |
| author_facet | Paddon, Brian D A Venn, John Garrett |
| author_sort | Venn, John Garrett |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | This thesis gives a literature survey of the physical and chemical properties of dipicrylamine (2,4,6,2',4',6' hexanitrodiphenylamine), its synthesis and analysis, and its use in a process for the recovery of potassium from seawater and brines. Where data is not available in the literature it is obtained by experiment. The published and experimental data are used for the design of a process using dipicrylamine for the recovery of potassium and an analysis of its economic viability. Four process steps are identified and examined. These are (i) the precipitation of the potassium salt of dipicrylamine (KDPA) from seawater or brines, (ii) the recovery of dipicrylamine from the spent seawater or brine, (iii) the conversion of KDPA to produce a potassium salt and the insoluble hydrogen form of dipicrylamine (HDPA) by reaction with an acid and (iv) the conversion of HDPA to a soluble form for recycling and reuse. It is concluded that the recovery of potassium from seawater and brines is technically viable. While the brine process is economically viable at present, the large flowrates found in process step (ii) limit the viability of the seawater process. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/21920 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:31:30.019Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateRange | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | Department of Chemical Engineering |
| publisherStr | Department of Chemical Engineering |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/21920 The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine Venn, John Garrett Paddon, Brian D A Chemical Engineering This thesis gives a literature survey of the physical and chemical properties of dipicrylamine (2,4,6,2',4',6' hexanitrodiphenylamine), its synthesis and analysis, and its use in a process for the recovery of potassium from seawater and brines. Where data is not available in the literature it is obtained by experiment. The published and experimental data are used for the design of a process using dipicrylamine for the recovery of potassium and an analysis of its economic viability. Four process steps are identified and examined. These are (i) the precipitation of the potassium salt of dipicrylamine (KDPA) from seawater or brines, (ii) the recovery of dipicrylamine from the spent seawater or brine, (iii) the conversion of KDPA to produce a potassium salt and the insoluble hydrogen form of dipicrylamine (HDPA) by reaction with an acid and (iv) the conversion of HDPA to a soluble form for recycling and reuse. It is concluded that the recovery of potassium from seawater and brines is technically viable. While the brine process is economically viable at present, the large flowrates found in process step (ii) limit the viability of the seawater process. 2016-09-25T16:49:18Z 2016-09-25T16:49:18Z 1985 Master Thesis Masters MSc (Eng) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21920 eng application/pdf Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Chemical Engineering Venn, John Garrett The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine |
| title_full | The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine |
| title_fullStr | The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine |
| title_full_unstemmed | The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine |
| title_short | The recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine |
| title_sort | recovery of potassium from seawater and brines using dipicrylamine |
| topic | Chemical Engineering |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21920 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vennjohngarrett therecoveryofpotassiumfromseawaterandbrinesusingdipicrylamine AT vennjohngarrett recoveryofpotassiumfromseawaterandbrinesusingdipicrylamine |