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The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons
Poisoning is common and carries considerable morbidity and mortality. Two to three patients are admitted to the Emergency Unit at Groote Schuur Hospital every day with drug overdose. As absorption occurs in the small intestine the rates at which ingested poisons pass into and through the small bowel...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Division of Nuclear Medicine
2018
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| _version_ | 1867613163796561920 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Adams, Bruce Keith |
| author2 | Mann, Michael D |
| author_browse | Adams, Bruce Keith Mann, Michael D |
| author_facet | Mann, Michael D Adams, Bruce Keith |
| author_sort | Adams, Bruce Keith |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Poisoning is common and carries considerable morbidity and mortality. Two to three patients are admitted to the Emergency Unit at Groote Schuur Hospital every day with drug overdose. As absorption occurs in the small intestine the rates at which ingested poisons pass into and through the small bowel are important factors in determining the amount of poison potentially available for absorption. Although the effects of pharmacological doses of many drugs on gastric emptying and motility are known, information on the effects of higher doses is limited. I investigated patients who took overdoses of certain commonly used drugs to determine their effects on gastric emptying and motility and small intestinal transit. The study was divided into two parts. One hundred and four patients were studied in Part 1. These patients took overdoses of tricyclic antidepressants (n = 31), carbamazepine (n = 15), phenytoin (n = 12), paracetamol (n = 29) and opioid-paracetamol mixtures (n = 17). They received standard hospital management of which sorbitol was not a part. Part 2 consisted of sixty-one patients who had sorbitol added to their treatment. These patients had taken overdoses of the tricyclic antidepressants (n = 15), carbamazepine (n = 7), phenytoin (n = 8), paracetamol (n = 13) and opioid-paracetamol mixtures (n = 18). The effects of sorbitol on gastric emptying and small intestinal transit were evaluated. A third study-the paracetamol control test was done on 5 healthy volunteers. Each subject was studied twice; the first time after taking 1 G of paracetamol and the second time after no drug ingestion. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/27036 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:31:47.142Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateRange | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Division of Nuclear Medicine |
| publisherStr | Division of Nuclear Medicine |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/27036 The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons Adams, Bruce Keith Mann, Michael D Gastric emptying Poisoning - radionuclide imaging Radionuclide imaging - Methods Poisoning is common and carries considerable morbidity and mortality. Two to three patients are admitted to the Emergency Unit at Groote Schuur Hospital every day with drug overdose. As absorption occurs in the small intestine the rates at which ingested poisons pass into and through the small bowel are important factors in determining the amount of poison potentially available for absorption. Although the effects of pharmacological doses of many drugs on gastric emptying and motility are known, information on the effects of higher doses is limited. I investigated patients who took overdoses of certain commonly used drugs to determine their effects on gastric emptying and motility and small intestinal transit. The study was divided into two parts. One hundred and four patients were studied in Part 1. These patients took overdoses of tricyclic antidepressants (n = 31), carbamazepine (n = 15), phenytoin (n = 12), paracetamol (n = 29) and opioid-paracetamol mixtures (n = 17). They received standard hospital management of which sorbitol was not a part. Part 2 consisted of sixty-one patients who had sorbitol added to their treatment. These patients had taken overdoses of the tricyclic antidepressants (n = 15), carbamazepine (n = 7), phenytoin (n = 8), paracetamol (n = 13) and opioid-paracetamol mixtures (n = 18). The effects of sorbitol on gastric emptying and small intestinal transit were evaluated. A third study-the paracetamol control test was done on 5 healthy volunteers. Each subject was studied twice; the first time after taking 1 G of paracetamol and the second time after no drug ingestion. 2018-01-29T06:47:58Z 2018-01-29T06:47:58Z 1995 Doctoral Thesis Doctoral MD http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27036 eng application/pdf Division of Nuclear Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Gastric emptying Poisoning - radionuclide imaging Radionuclide imaging - Methods Adams, Bruce Keith The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons |
| thesis_degree_str | Doctoral |
| title | The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons |
| title_full | The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons |
| title_fullStr | The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons |
| title_full_unstemmed | The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons |
| title_short | The use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying, motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons |
| title_sort | use of scintigraphy to study gastric emptying motility and small intestinal transit in patients who have ingested a selection of common poisons |
| topic | Gastric emptying Poisoning - radionuclide imaging Radionuclide imaging - Methods |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27036 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adamsbrucekeith theuseofscintigraphytostudygastricemptyingmotilityandsmallintestinaltransitinpatientswhohaveingestedaselectionofcommonpoisons AT adamsbrucekeith useofscintigraphytostudygastricemptyingmotilityandsmallintestinaltransitinpatientswhohaveingestedaselectionofcommonpoisons |