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The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
There are as yet no ideal biomarkers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. As astrocytosis is a feature of HIV encephalitis, the marker S100β may hold promise as a biomarker of HAND. We explored associations between S100β and neurocognition in individuals with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa, b...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health
2020
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| _version_ | 1867613312064159744 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Groenewald, Engelina |
| author2 | Joska, John |
| author_browse | Groenewald, Engelina Joska, John |
| author_facet | Joska, John Groenewald, Engelina |
| author_sort | Groenewald, Engelina |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | There are as yet no ideal biomarkers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. As astrocytosis is a feature of HIV encephalitis, the marker S100β may hold promise as a biomarker of HAND. We explored associations between S100β and neurocognition in individuals with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa, before and after antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated. The S100β levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of forty-six participants with HIV, but not yet on antiretroviral therapy, was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). A battery of cognitive tests was performed and the global deficit score (GDS) was calculated. In twenty of these patients, the S100β analysis and the cognitive tests were repeated approximately six months after the initiation of ART. There was no significant association between cerebrospinal fluid S100β and GDS at baseline (r= -0.070; p= 0.66) or after six months of ART (r= 0.16; p= 0.52). Cerebrospinal fluid S100β levels at baseline did not predict a change in neurocognition on ART (B(SE) = 0.001, (0.001), β=0.025, p=0.85). S100β in the cerebrospinal fluid may not adequately reflect neurocognitive impairment in individuals with HIV. Our results further demonstrate that CSF S100β levels are not affected by ART, indicating persistent neuroinflammation. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/31290 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:34:08.683Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateRange | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health |
| publisherStr | Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/31290 The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders Groenewald, Engelina Joska, John Combrinck, Marc Naude, Pieter mental health There are as yet no ideal biomarkers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. As astrocytosis is a feature of HIV encephalitis, the marker S100β may hold promise as a biomarker of HAND. We explored associations between S100β and neurocognition in individuals with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa, before and after antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated. The S100β levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of forty-six participants with HIV, but not yet on antiretroviral therapy, was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). A battery of cognitive tests was performed and the global deficit score (GDS) was calculated. In twenty of these patients, the S100β analysis and the cognitive tests were repeated approximately six months after the initiation of ART. There was no significant association between cerebrospinal fluid S100β and GDS at baseline (r= -0.070; p= 0.66) or after six months of ART (r= 0.16; p= 0.52). Cerebrospinal fluid S100β levels at baseline did not predict a change in neurocognition on ART (B(SE) = 0.001, (0.001), β=0.025, p=0.85). S100β in the cerebrospinal fluid may not adequately reflect neurocognitive impairment in individuals with HIV. Our results further demonstrate that CSF S100β levels are not affected by ART, indicating persistent neuroinflammation. 2020-02-25T09:07:29Z 2020-02-25T09:07:29Z 2019 2020-02-25T06:22:14Z Master Thesis Masters MPhil http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31290 eng application/pdf Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Health Sciences |
| spellingShingle | mental health Groenewald, Engelina The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders |
| title_full | The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders |
| title_fullStr | The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders |
| title_short | The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders |
| title_sort | role of the astrocytic marker s100b in hiv associated neurocognitive disorders |
| topic | mental health |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31290 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT groenewaldengelina theroleoftheastrocyticmarkers100binhivassociatedneurocognitivedisorders AT groenewaldengelina roleoftheastrocyticmarkers100binhivassociatedneurocognitivedisorders |