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Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia

Silozi came into existence in the early 1800s when Sikololo speakers (Makololo) from South Africa came in contact with the Siluyana speakers (Luyi) in Barotseland. Today the language is spoken by over 700 000 people in Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Angola and Zimbabwe collectively. Of the wealth of sch...

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Main Author: Mbeha, Gustav
Other Authors: Mesthrie, Rajend
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: School of African and GenderStuds, Anth and Ling 2023
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access_status_str Open Access
author Mbeha, Gustav
author2 Mesthrie, Rajend
author_browse Mbeha, Gustav
Mesthrie, Rajend
author_facet Mesthrie, Rajend
Mbeha, Gustav
author_sort Mbeha, Gustav
collection Thesis
description Silozi came into existence in the early 1800s when Sikololo speakers (Makololo) from South Africa came in contact with the Siluyana speakers (Luyi) in Barotseland. Today the language is spoken by over 700 000 people in Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Angola and Zimbabwe collectively. Of the wealth of scholarship on the Malozi and their language, most focused on development and structure. Silozi dialect variation is yet to be explored in depth. This is a study of dialect variation in cross-border Silozi. The focus is on the lexicon and the morphosyntactic structures of the Silozi varieties spoken in the towns of Katima Mulilo (Namibia) and Mongu (Zambia). As an example of mixed-methods research, the data collection was conducted using the language documentation and description approach (see Lüpke, 2010; Himmelman, 1998). The data comprised of lexicon and sample sentences elicited via structured interviews from 70 participants. In addition, metalinguistic questions were used to collect information on essential language use patterns during data analysis. The findings confirmed that Silozi is the official language in Katima Mulilo, but Chisubiya and Chifwe are the dominant lingua francas. Contrastingly, in Mongu, Silozi is the main Bantu language, with others spoken minimally. A consequence of this is that the Katima Mulilo variety contained more lexical borrowings from other Bantu languages compared to Mongu. However, both varieties borrowed more lexicon from English than from the Bantu languages. Morphosyntactically, the Katima Mulilo variety contains grammatical features from Chisubiya that are not present in the Mongu variety. Chisubiya plays a central role in the differences that emerge between the two varieties. Overall, the Mongu variety appeared to be more stable and less susceptible to change. This thesis thus illustrates that there is nuanced variation in cross-border Silozi. Language contact and migration are shown to have been significant factors in ongoing language change in cross-border dialects.
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institution University of Cape Town (South Africa)
language eng
last_indexed 2026-06-10T12:33:25.185Z
license_str Not specified — see source repository
provenance_str_mv Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository
publishDate 2023
publishDateRange 2023
publishDateSort 2023
publisher School of African and GenderStuds, Anth and Ling
publisherStr School of African and GenderStuds, Anth and Ling
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source_str UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository
spelling oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/38512 Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia Mbeha, Gustav Mesthrie, Rajend Dialect variation Silozi came into existence in the early 1800s when Sikololo speakers (Makololo) from South Africa came in contact with the Siluyana speakers (Luyi) in Barotseland. Today the language is spoken by over 700 000 people in Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Angola and Zimbabwe collectively. Of the wealth of scholarship on the Malozi and their language, most focused on development and structure. Silozi dialect variation is yet to be explored in depth. This is a study of dialect variation in cross-border Silozi. The focus is on the lexicon and the morphosyntactic structures of the Silozi varieties spoken in the towns of Katima Mulilo (Namibia) and Mongu (Zambia). As an example of mixed-methods research, the data collection was conducted using the language documentation and description approach (see Lüpke, 2010; Himmelman, 1998). The data comprised of lexicon and sample sentences elicited via structured interviews from 70 participants. In addition, metalinguistic questions were used to collect information on essential language use patterns during data analysis. The findings confirmed that Silozi is the official language in Katima Mulilo, but Chisubiya and Chifwe are the dominant lingua francas. Contrastingly, in Mongu, Silozi is the main Bantu language, with others spoken minimally. A consequence of this is that the Katima Mulilo variety contained more lexical borrowings from other Bantu languages compared to Mongu. However, both varieties borrowed more lexicon from English than from the Bantu languages. Morphosyntactically, the Katima Mulilo variety contains grammatical features from Chisubiya that are not present in the Mongu variety. Chisubiya plays a central role in the differences that emerge between the two varieties. Overall, the Mongu variety appeared to be more stable and less susceptible to change. This thesis thus illustrates that there is nuanced variation in cross-border Silozi. Language contact and migration are shown to have been significant factors in ongoing language change in cross-border dialects. 2023-09-11T13:15:34Z 2023-09-11T13:15:34Z 2023 2023-09-11T08:53:20Z Doctoral Thesis Doctoral PhD http://hdl.handle.net/11427/38512 eng application/pdf School of African and GenderStuds, Anth and Ling Faculty of Humanities
spellingShingle Dialect variation
Mbeha, Gustav
Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia
thesis_degree_str Doctoral
title Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia
title_full Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia
title_fullStr Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia
title_full_unstemmed Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia
title_short Dialect variation in a cross-border language: a sociolinguistic study of Silozi in Zambia and Namibia
title_sort dialect variation in a cross border language a sociolinguistic study of silozi in zambia and namibia
topic Dialect variation
url http://hdl.handle.net/11427/38512
work_keys_str_mv AT mbehagustav dialectvariationinacrossborderlanguageasociolinguisticstudyofsiloziinzambiaandnamibia