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Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond

Once again, humanity has welcomed technological advancement, this time around artificial intelligence, with mixed reactions. The creative industry is no exception to this rapidly evolving technology, with generative AI (genAI) deepening its claws in the creative industry. What lies within the fabric...

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Main Author: Mikioni, Tendai
Other Authors: Ncube, Caroline
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: School For Advanced Legal Studies 2026
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access_status_str Open Access
author Mikioni, Tendai
author2 Ncube, Caroline
author_browse Mikioni, Tendai
Ncube, Caroline
author_facet Ncube, Caroline
Mikioni, Tendai
author_sort Mikioni, Tendai
collection Thesis
description Once again, humanity has welcomed technological advancement, this time around artificial intelligence, with mixed reactions. The creative industry is no exception to this rapidly evolving technology, with generative AI (genAI) deepening its claws in the creative industry. What lies within the fabric of genAI is a primary concern. In order to be trained (taught), genAI ingests enormous amounts of data, which is harvested indiscriminately. This is a cause for concern for those whose work is harvested and utilised without compensation, credit and consent. In addition, when genAI is deployed, the user's input prompts it to create works of their desires, ranging from images to musical lyrics. To that end, it remains to be answered whether the use of works for the purpose of training genAI and the generation of works by genAI trained using copyrighted works amount to copyright infringement. It is the duty of this dissertation to examine whether the South African copyright regime would deem it an infringement to make use of copyrighted works for training genAI. In addition, this dissertation goes further to examine whether there is a possibility of copyright infringement materialising when a user generates works through genAI. In this dissertation, the training of genAI will be referred to as the “input phase”, while the use of genAI by a user will be referred to as the “output phase.” In addition, the issue of who is liable when copyright infringement materialises will be analysed. In the end, the author submits recommendations for South Africa to address copyright infringement liability. Leading jurisdiction in copyright and AI regulations will be infused to enrich the discussion
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last_indexed 2026-06-10T12:40:48.080Z
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provenance_str_mv Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository
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spelling oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/42670 Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond Mikioni, Tendai Ncube, Caroline generative AI artificial intelligence South Africa Once again, humanity has welcomed technological advancement, this time around artificial intelligence, with mixed reactions. The creative industry is no exception to this rapidly evolving technology, with generative AI (genAI) deepening its claws in the creative industry. What lies within the fabric of genAI is a primary concern. In order to be trained (taught), genAI ingests enormous amounts of data, which is harvested indiscriminately. This is a cause for concern for those whose work is harvested and utilised without compensation, credit and consent. In addition, when genAI is deployed, the user's input prompts it to create works of their desires, ranging from images to musical lyrics. To that end, it remains to be answered whether the use of works for the purpose of training genAI and the generation of works by genAI trained using copyrighted works amount to copyright infringement. It is the duty of this dissertation to examine whether the South African copyright regime would deem it an infringement to make use of copyrighted works for training genAI. In addition, this dissertation goes further to examine whether there is a possibility of copyright infringement materialising when a user generates works through genAI. In this dissertation, the training of genAI will be referred to as the “input phase”, while the use of genAI by a user will be referred to as the “output phase.” In addition, the issue of who is liable when copyright infringement materialises will be analysed. In the end, the author submits recommendations for South Africa to address copyright infringement liability. Leading jurisdiction in copyright and AI regulations will be infused to enrich the discussion 2026-01-23T11:13:27Z 2026-01-23T11:13:27Z 2025 2026-01-23T11:11:08Z Thesis / Dissertation Masters LLM http://hdl.handle.net/11427/42670 en eng application/pdf School For Advanced Legal Studies Faculty of Law University of Cape Town
spellingShingle generative AI
artificial intelligence
South Africa
Mikioni, Tendai
Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond
thesis_degree_str Master's
title Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond
title_full Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond
title_fullStr Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond
title_full_unstemmed Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond
title_short Examining copyright infringement and liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence training and use: a legal perspective in South Africa and beyond
title_sort examining copyright infringement and liability in generative artificial intelligence training and use a legal perspective in south africa and beyond
topic generative AI
artificial intelligence
South Africa
url http://hdl.handle.net/11427/42670
work_keys_str_mv AT mikionitendai examiningcopyrightinfringementandliabilityingenerativeartificialintelligencetrainingandusealegalperspectiveinsouthafricaandbeyond