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Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: While eradicated in other parts of the world, Rheumatic Heart Disease, nevertheless, remains one of the most common acquired heart diseases in low- to middle- income countries; in sub-Saharan Africa, there was an estimated prevalence of 10 persons per 1,000 population in 2015. In the Glo...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
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Department of Public Health and Family Medicine
2026
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| _version_ | 1867613199486943232 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Dhodho, Munyaradzi |
| author2 | Engel, Mark |
| author_browse | Dhodho, Munyaradzi Engel, Mark |
| author_facet | Engel, Mark Dhodho, Munyaradzi |
| author_sort | Dhodho, Munyaradzi |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Background: While eradicated in other parts of the world, Rheumatic Heart Disease, nevertheless, remains one of the most common acquired heart diseases in low- to middle- income countries; in sub-Saharan Africa, there was an estimated prevalence of 10 persons per 1,000 population in 2015. In the Global Burden of Disease estimates 1990-2015, Ethiopia was identified as having one of the highest burdens of RHD with a prevalence of 100-149 persons per 100,000 population. We therefore sought to estimate the prevalence of RHD, and clinical and post-operative outcomes, in Ethiopia. Objectives: We conducted a systematic review of the prevalence and outcomes of RHD according to a priori protocol. Data Sources: Studies included in this review were retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science. In addition, Google Scholar and approaching authors was used to complement the search. Data Extraction: Studies conducted after 2012 were included if the method of RHD diagnosis was echocardiography. A meta-analysis was done to measure the pooled prevalence and outcomes of RHD. Results: A total of nine studies were included in this review, 5 focusing on prevalence and 4 focusing on outcomes of RHD. The overall prevalence of asymptomatic echocardiographic RHD was per 21 per 1000 (95% CI, 12.27;32.03). In hospitalised patients, presentation included congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke. The 30-day mortality and post- operative mortality was 2.5 (95% CI, 0.00;12.81) and 32.8 (95% CI, 11.43;62.82) per 1000 respectively. The 60-day mortality and post-operative mortality was 33.5(95% CI, 0.00;111.38) and 161.7 (95% CI 125.54;201.27) per 1000 respectively. Conclusions And Relevance: The prevalence of asymptomatic RHD in Ethiopia is high while RHD in adults/children is associated with congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke. Mortality was high in patients with RHD-related heart failure; thus, to achieve the World Heart Federation target of a 25% reduction in the mortality due to RHD by 2025 in the under 25- year-olds might prove challenging. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/43107 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | English eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:32:20.328Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publishDateRange | 2026 |
| publishDateSort | 2026 |
| publisher | Department of Public Health and Family Medicine |
| publisherStr | Department of Public Health and Family Medicine |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/43107 Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Dhodho, Munyaradzi Engel, Mark Zühlke, Liesl Medicine Heart Disease Ethiopia Background: While eradicated in other parts of the world, Rheumatic Heart Disease, nevertheless, remains one of the most common acquired heart diseases in low- to middle- income countries; in sub-Saharan Africa, there was an estimated prevalence of 10 persons per 1,000 population in 2015. In the Global Burden of Disease estimates 1990-2015, Ethiopia was identified as having one of the highest burdens of RHD with a prevalence of 100-149 persons per 100,000 population. We therefore sought to estimate the prevalence of RHD, and clinical and post-operative outcomes, in Ethiopia. Objectives: We conducted a systematic review of the prevalence and outcomes of RHD according to a priori protocol. Data Sources: Studies included in this review were retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science. In addition, Google Scholar and approaching authors was used to complement the search. Data Extraction: Studies conducted after 2012 were included if the method of RHD diagnosis was echocardiography. A meta-analysis was done to measure the pooled prevalence and outcomes of RHD. Results: A total of nine studies were included in this review, 5 focusing on prevalence and 4 focusing on outcomes of RHD. The overall prevalence of asymptomatic echocardiographic RHD was per 21 per 1000 (95% CI, 12.27;32.03). In hospitalised patients, presentation included congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke. The 30-day mortality and post- operative mortality was 2.5 (95% CI, 0.00;12.81) and 32.8 (95% CI, 11.43;62.82) per 1000 respectively. The 60-day mortality and post-operative mortality was 33.5(95% CI, 0.00;111.38) and 161.7 (95% CI 125.54;201.27) per 1000 respectively. Conclusions And Relevance: The prevalence of asymptomatic RHD in Ethiopia is high while RHD in adults/children is associated with congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke. Mortality was high in patients with RHD-related heart failure; thus, to achieve the World Heart Federation target of a 25% reduction in the mortality due to RHD by 2025 in the under 25- year-olds might prove challenging. 2026-04-22T07:00:08Z 2026-04-22T07:00:08Z 2023 2026-04-21T13:50:35Z Thesis / Dissertation Masters Masters http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43107 en eng application/pdf Department of Public Health and Family Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Medicine Heart Disease Ethiopia Dhodho, Munyaradzi Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Prevalence, and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | prevalence and outcomes of rheumatic heart disease in ethiopia a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Medicine Heart Disease Ethiopia |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43107 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dhodhomunyaradzi prevalenceandoutcomesofrheumaticheartdiseaseinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |