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Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections
Dissertation (MSc (Medicinal Plant Science))--University of Pretoria, 2022.
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University of Pretoria
2022
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| _version_ | 1867613473290059776 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Tshikalange, T.E. (Thilivhali Emmanuel) |
| author_browse | Tshikalange, T.E. (Thilivhali Emmanuel) |
| author_facet | Tshikalange, T.E. (Thilivhali Emmanuel) |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2022 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Medicinal Plant Science))--University of Pretoria, 2022. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/86310 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:36:42.450Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/86310 Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections Tshikalange, T.E. (Thilivhali Emmanuel) u14064635@tuks.co.za Bapela, Mahwahwatse Johanna Baba, Urvishi Antimicrobial activity Polyherbal formulations Metabolomics Cytotoxicity Mycotoxins UCTD Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-09 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-12 Dissertation (MSc (Medicinal Plant Science))--University of Pretoria, 2022. Ethnopharmacological relevance: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is a major global concern of an ever-growing population. The daily rate of infectious STDs increases by an estimate of one million infections. The development of antimicrobial resistance pathogens is a further concern. Complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) is investigated to provide aid/relief from this resistance. Medicinal plants are used traditionally as an alternative form of medicine. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate four medicinal plants (Dicoma anomala sbsp anomala, Elephantorrhiza elephantina, Eucalyptus cinerea and Kigelia africana) used in combination and individually for their antimicrobial activity against sexually transmitted diseases and to determine the similarities of these combinations based on their chemical constituents. Furthermore, the study determined the cytotoxicity effects and mycotoxin presence of the most active extracts. Methodology: Aqueous extracts of various different combinations and individual plant were prepared, and stored at various conditions (includes: temperatures of 4˚C, 25˚C and 37˚C for 7 and 14 days respectively). The extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties against a bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoea and a fungus Candida albicans using the microtiter dilution assay. The fractional inhibitory concentration index of the combinations was also determined against both pathogens. The chemical profile of these samples was analysed using a metabolomic approach via nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry methods (1H NMR and LC-MS). Cytotoxicity studies were conducted to determine the level of toxicity of noteworthy samples against non-cancerous Vero cell lines. Furthermore, various mycotoxin levels present were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Antimicrobial activity of polyherbal formulations containing four individual plants (Dicoma anomala sbsp anomala Elephantorrhiza elephantina, Eucalyptus cinerea and Kigelia africana) in combination, which were stored at 25˚C for 7 and 14 days respectively, exhibited noteworthy activity against N. gonorrhoea. Eight of the ninety-eight extracts displayed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.39 mg/mL. 1H NMR metabolomic analysis of all the combinations and individual plants exhibited prominent signal peaks in the aliphatic region (0.8- 3.00 ppm), carbohydrate region (3.00- 6.00 ppm) and some combinations yield signals within the aromatic region (5.00- 9.00 ppm). Thus, resulting in a similarity between phytoconstituent amongst the various different combinations irrespective of their storage conditions and antimicrobial activity. The similarity within the different types of combinations is displayed via distinct grouping on the PCA and OPLS-DA score plots. Concerning cytotoxicity studies eight polyherbal formulations were tested, cytotoxicity levels against non-cancerous Vero cell lines ranged from slightly cytotoxic to non-cytotoxic (289.12 ± 21.23 µg/mL to 866.47 ± 22.41 µg/mL). Polyherbal formulations subjected to mycotoxin analysis displayed non-detectable mycotoxin levels. Conclusion: The biological and chemical activity observed amongst the different plant combinations supports the traditional usage of polyherbal formulations in the treatment and management of sexually transmitted diseases. National Research Foundation bs2026 Plant Science MSc (Medicinal Plant Science) Unrestricted SDG-03: Good health and well-being SDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructure SDG-12: Responsible consumption and production 2022-07-20T07:48:46Z 2022-07-20T07:48:46Z 2022-09 2022 Dissertation * S2022 https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/86310 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.20291979 en © 2022 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Antimicrobial activity Polyherbal formulations Metabolomics Cytotoxicity Mycotoxins UCTD Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-09 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-12 Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections |
| title | Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections |
| title_full | Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections |
| title_fullStr | Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections |
| title_short | Bioactivity and 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections |
| title_sort | bioactivity and 1h nmr based metabolomics analysis of polyherbal formulations used traditionally for the treatment and management of sexually transmitted infections |
| topic | Antimicrobial activity Polyherbal formulations Metabolomics Cytotoxicity Mycotoxins UCTD Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-09 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-12 |
| url | https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/86310 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.20291979 |